鞍馬の火祭,京都市左京区,鞍馬(くらま)の由岐(ゆき)神社

from ASAHI.COM

京都市左京区の鞍馬(くらま)の由岐(ゆき)神社に伝わる「鞍馬の火祭」が22日夜にあった。氏子らがかけ声に合わせて約500本のたいまつを担いで練り歩き、山門の近くに集結。たいまつの炎を夜空に向けて突き立てると、約8千人の見物客から歓声が上がった。

 祭りは平安時代の940年、京都御所にあった祭神を鞍馬まで闇夜に行列で移した様子を表すとされる。(岡田匠)

燃えさかるたいまつが夜空を照らす鞍馬の火祭=22日夜、京都市左京区、高橋一徳撮影

Disenchanted Night: The Industrialization of Light in the Nineteenth Century, Wolfgang Schivelbusch, 1995

http://www.amazon.com/Disenchanted-Night-Industrialization-Nineteenth-Century/dp/0520203542/

Amazon.com Review
The story of the development of artificial light in the 19th century is not only a history of its technology but a revelation of how that technology helped forge modern consciousness. The range of subjects includes the political symbolism of streetlamps, the rise of nightlife and the shop window, and the importance of the salon in the bourgeois culture. Very Highly Recommended.

邦訳はこちら

http://www.amazon.co.jp/闇をひらく光―19世紀における照明の歴史-ヴォルフガング-シヴェルブシュ/dp/4588276433/

これは続編(20世紀編?)ドイツ語の原書と日本語訳しかない。

http://www.amazon.co.jp/光と影のドラマトゥルギー―20世紀における電気照明の登場-ヴォルフガング-シヴェルブシュ/dp/4588276441/

Runway Lighting

Runway Lighting
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runway#Runway_lighting

History

The first runway lighting appeared in 1930 at Cleveland Municipal Airport (now known as Cleveland Hopkins International Airport) in Cleveland, Ohio.[citation needed] A line of lights on an airfield or elsewhere to guide aircraft in taking off or coming in to land or an illuminated runway is sometimes also known as a flare path.

Control of Lighting System Typically the lights are controlled by a control tower, a Flight Service Station or another designated authority.[citation needed] Some airports/airfields (particularly uncontrolled ones) are equipped with Pilot Controlled Lighting, so that pilots can temporarily turn on the lights when the relevant authority is not available.[citation needed] This avoids the need for automatic systems or staff to turn the lights on at night or in other low visibility situations. This also avoids the cost of having the lighting system on for extended periods. Smaller airports may not have lighted runways or runway markings. Particularly at private airfields for light planes, there may be nothing more than a windsock beside a landing strip.

 

Runway(for fashion show) lighting

t3 fashion runway

Above us only sky.

Runway Centerline Lighting System @ KIX/RJBB

Gardermoen airport

Liverpool Airport

Landing on 12R at KSTL

 

Approach Lighting System, at Sarajevo Airport